Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki, njengezinto ezibalulekile embonini yesimanje nempilo yansuku zonke, ikweleta ukusebenza kwayo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zomzimba namakhemikhali. Ngokuklanywa kwesakhiwo samangqamuzana ahlukahlukene, amapulasitiki angahlangabezana nezinhlobonhlobo zezidingo, kusukela ekufakweni okungasindi ukuya{1}}kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zobunjiniyela zamandla aphezulu.
Okokuqala, umsebenzi oyinhloko wamapulasitiki usezintweni zawo ezingasindi futhi ezihlala isikhathi eside. Ukuminyana kwazo ngokuvamile kuphansi kunezensimbi nengilazi, kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokuhamba. Aphinde abe nomthelela omuhle kakhulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, okuwenza afanelekele-ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ezinhlelweni ezifana nezindlu zikagesi nezingxenye zezimoto. Isibonelo, i-polyethylene (PE) kanye ne-polypropylene (PP) sekuyizinto ezivamile zokupakisha ukudla kanye nezidingo zansuku zonke ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali.
Okwesibili, i-plasticity yepulasitiki ibanika izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo. Ngokucubungula okushisayo noma ukubumba komjovo, amapulasitiki angakhiwa abe yizimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqiza okunembayo. Amapulasitiki obunjiniyela afana ne-polycarbonate (PC) nenayiloni (PA) agcina amandla awo ngisho nasezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu kumishini kagesi kanye nezakhiwo zemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo zabo zokuvikela i-insulating zizenza zibe izinto ezibalulekile zezintambo, izintambo, nezingxenye ze-electronic.
Ukuguqulwa kokusebenza kwandisa imingcele yokusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki. Ngokungeza izinto ezivimbela amalangabi, amafayibha aqinisayo, noma izithako ezibolayo, amapulasitiki angafinyelela izici ezikhethekile ezifana nokumelana nomlilo, ukuqina, noma ubungane bemvelo. Isibonelo,{2}amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-bio{2}njenge-polylactic acid (PLA) kancane kancane ashintsha izinto ezisekelwe ku-petroleum{3}ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwamapulasitiki nakho kuletha izinselelo, njengezinkinga zemvelo ezibangelwa ubunzima bezinye izinto ukwehlisa izinga. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokusungula izinto ezintsha zesayensi nobuchwepheshe, imikhiqizo yepulasitiki izofuna isisombululo esinokulinganisela phakathi kokwenziwa kahle kokusebenza kanye nentuthuko esimeme, iqhubeke nokusekela izidingo ezihlukahlukene zomphakathi wanamuhla.
