Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki itholakala yonke indawo ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, nokho iza ngezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Izinto zepulasitiki ezihlukene zibonisa umehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni, ukusetshenziswa, nokuphepha. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kungakusiza ukuba ukhethe futhi usebenzise imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ngokuhlakanipha.
Okokuqala, amapulasitiki avamile angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezimbili: i-thermoplastics ne-thermosetting plastics. I-Thermoplastics (efana ne-polyethylene (PE), i-polypropylene (PP), ne-polystyrene (PS)) iyathambisa futhi ibumbe kabusha lapho ifudumeza futhi iqinise lapho ipholisa, iyenze ikwazi ukuphindaphindeka futhi ifaneleke kokubili imikhiqizo elahlayo nehlala isikhathi eside efana nokupakishwa neziqukathi. Amapulasitiki e-thermosetting (njengama-phenolic resins nama-epoxy resins) awakwazi ukuncibilika uma eselashiwe. Zinokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu namandla futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga{3}}uzinzo lwesikhathi eside, njengokufakwa kukagesi nezingxenye zezimoto.
Okwesibili, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nokuphepha kwamapulasitiki ahlukene kuyahluka kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ivamise ukusetshenziswa emabhodleleni eziphuzo, kodwa ukusebenzisa{1}}isikhathi eside kungase kukhiphe izinto eziyingozi. I-High-High density polyethylene (HDPE) iyagqwala-iyamelana futhi ayiyona{5}ubuthi, okuyenza ifanelekele amabhokisi okugcina namapayipi. I-Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) iqukethe ama-plasticizers futhi ingase ikhiphe izinto eziyingozi lapho ichayeke kumazinga okushisa aphezulu noma uwoyela, ngakho ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa ekufakweni kokudla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zamapulasitiki nazo zinquma ukusetshenziswa kwazo. I-Polycarbonate (PC) inikeza ukukhanya okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nomthelela oqinile futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu kumalensi engilazi yamehlo kanye negiya lokuvikela. I-Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Teflon) ayizwani namakhemikhali ngokwedlulele futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa -ekugqunyweni okungewona wezinti.
Ngamafuphi, umehluko phakathi kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki awubonakali nje kuphela ohlotsheni lwezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa futhi nezindlela zokucubungula, ukumelana nokushisa, ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, nokusebenza kwemvelo. Abathengi kufanele bakhethe umkhiqizo wepulasitiki ofanele ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zabo zangempela futhi banake imikhawulo yokuwusebenzisa ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha nokusimama.
